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. 2018 Feb 27;20(4):379–384. doi: 10.4103/aja.aja_80_17

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Copyright: © The Author(s)(2018)

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Box plot that demonstrates the decrease in sperm concentration (×10⁶ ml⁻¹) by birth cohort. (a) A significant decline ([−2.53±0.33] × 10⁶ ml⁻¹) in sperm concentration (P_trend < 0.0001) was recorded for all participants. (b) A significant decline ([−7.70±0.67] × 10⁶ ml⁻¹) in sperm concentration (P_trend < 0.014) was noted for all students. (c) An insignificant decline ([−3.09±0.41] × 10⁶ ml⁻¹) in sperm concentration (P_trend = 0.4565) was observed for all nonstudents.