Table 2.
Indication and specification for contact precautions (CP) and isolationa
| MRSA | GRE | E. coli ESBL | Non-E. coli ESBL | |||||||||
| EU | Non EU | p-valueb | EU | Non EU | p-valueb | EU | Non EU | p-valueb | EU | Non EU | p-valueb | |
| No CP | 12.7 | 24.5 | 0.165 | 30.0 | 32.7 | 0.396 | 32.7 | 34.7 | 0.636 | 23.3 | 34.7 | 0.044 |
| CP only if infected | 16.7 | 10.2 | 54.7 | 44.9 | 14.7 | 10.2 | 17.3 | 6.1 | ||||
| CP if colonised and/or infected | 68.0 | 65.3 | 15.3 | 22.4 | 44.7 | 40.8 | 50.7 | 40.8 | ||||
| Unknown | 42.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.3 | 10.2 | 6.0 | 14.3 | ||||
| ESBL not determined | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 2.7 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 33.3 | ||||
| Total no. responses (%) | 150 (75.4) | 49 (24.6) | 131 (74.9) | 44 (24.1) | 150 (75.4) | 47 (24.6) | 150 (75.4) | 49 (24.6) | ||||
| Gowns and gloves whenever entering the room | 57.3 | 62.9 | 0.398 | 59.0 | 56.7 | 0.623 | 44.9 | 59.1 | 0.234 | 47.3 | 71.4 | 0.046 |
| Gowns and gloves if direct contact is anticipated | 37.9 | 37.1 | 37.1 | 43.3 | 55.1 | 40.9 | 52.7 | 28.6 | ||||
| Other procedures (e.g. standard precautions only) | 4.8 | 0.0 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Total no. responses (%) | 124 (78.0) | 35 (22.0) | 105 (77.8) | 30 (22.2) | 89 (80.2) | 22 (19.8) | 93 (81.6) | 21 (18.4) | ||||
| Single room | 62.5 | 63.8 | 59.4 | 56.3 | 0.703 | 31.4 | 31.3 | 0.960 | 36.4 | 27.1 | 0.494 | |
| Cohorting | 17.4 | 10.6 | 16.1 | 16.7 | 19.3 | 18. | 20.7 | 18.8 | ||||
| Spatial separationc | 10.4 | 6.4 | 0.235 | 9.8 | 6.3 | 13.6 | 16.7 | 13.6 | 20.8 | |||
| No specific measures | 9.7 | 19.1 | 14.7 | 20.8 | 35.7 | 33.3 | 29.3 | 33.3 | ||||
| Total no. responses (%) | 144 (75.4) | 47 (24.6) | 143 (74.9) | 48 (25.1) | 140 (74.5) | 48 (25.5) | 140 (74.5) | 48 (25.5) | ||||
| Carbapenem resistant E. coli | Carbapenem resistant non-E. coli | MDR P. aeruginosa | MDR A. baumannii | |||||||||
| EU | Non EU | p-valueb | EU | Non EU | p-valueb | EU | Non EU | p-valueb | EU | Non EU | p-valueb | |
| No CP | 11.3 | 16.3 | 0.745 | 8.2 | 18.4 | 0.246 | 13.3 | 20.4 | 0.597 | 9.3 | 20.4 | 0.171 |
| CP only if infected | 14.0 | 10.2 | 13.6 | 10.2 | 17.3 | 14.3 | 17.3 | 20.4 | ||||
| CP if colonised and/or infected | 65.3 | 63.3 | 72.1 | 65.3 | 60.0 | 59.2 | 62.7 | 51.0 | ||||
| Unknown | 9.3 | 10.2 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 9.3 | 6.1 | 10.7 | 8.2) | ||||
| Total no. responses (%) | 150 (75.4) | 49 (24.6) | 147 (75.0) | 49 (25.0) | 150 (75.4) | 49 (24.6) | 150 (75.4) | 49 (24.6) | ||||
| Gowns and gloves whenever entering the room | 61.3 | 68.8 | 0.440 | 63.5 | 60.6 | 0.763 | 56.3 | 64.7 | 0.389 | 58.7 | 61.3 | 0.797 |
| Gowns and gloves if direct contact is anticipated | 38.7 | 31.3 | 36.5 | 39.4 | 43.7 | 35.3 | 41.3 | 38.7 | ||||
| Total no. responses (%) | 111 (77.6) | 32 (22.4) | 115 (77.7) | 33 (22.3) | 103 (75.2) | 34 (24.8) | 109 (77.9) | 31 (22.1) | ||||
| Single room | 64.1 | 41.7 | 0.029 | 71.6 | 47.9 | 0.026 | 56.7 | 43.8 | 0.156 | 61.6 | 45.8 | 0.067 |
| Cohorting | 13.4) | 14.6 | 12.1 | 18.8 | 18.7 | 14.6 | 18.1 | 14.6 | ||||
| Spatial separationc | 9.9 | 20.8 | 7.1 | 14.6 | 12.7 | 18.8 | 8.7 | 18.8 | ||||
| No specific measures | 12.7 | 22.9 | 9.2 | 18.8 | 11.9 | 22.9 | 11.6 | 20.8 | ||||
| Total no. responses (%) | 142 (74.7) | 48 (25.3) | 141 (74.6) | 48 (25.4) | 134 (73.6) | 48 (26.4) | 138 (74.2) | 48 (25.8) | ||||
aValues are percentages (related to the corresponding total respondents) unless indicated otherwise
bA two-sided p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant
cShared room with MDRO-negative patients but with optical barrier (e.g. red margin on the floor) or separated by screen/curtains