Table 3.
Species habitat-associations in the 30-ha Fenglin permanent plot
| Species | Ridge | Sunny | Shady | Valley shady side | Valley sunny side |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Syringa reticulata var. mandshurica | N | − | N | + | − |
| Sambucus williamsii | − | − | N | + | N |
| Prunus padus | − | N | N | N | + |
| Abies nephrolepis | − | N | N | + | N |
| Acanthopanax senticosus | N | − | + | N | N |
| Ribes mandschuricum | − | − | + | N | + |
| Philadelphus schrenkii | N | − | + | + | N |
| Betula costata | − | N | N | + | + |
| Actinidia kolomikta | − | − | + | N | N |
| Deutzia glabrata | − | N | + | − | N |
| Picea koraiensis | N | N | N | N | N |
| Pinus koraiensis | + | + | − | N | N |
| Acer ukurunduense | − | − | N | N | + |
| Sorbus pohuashanensis | N | + | N | − | N |
| Phellodendron amurense | N | N | N | N | N |
| Lonicera chrysantha | N | − | + | + | N |
| Ulmus laciniata | + | − | N | N | − |
| Euonymus pauciflorus | N | + | N | N | N |
| Aralia elata | N | N | N | N | N |
| Alnus sibirica | N | − | − | + | + |
| Corylus mandshurica | + | + | N | − | − |
| Quercus mongolica | N | + | − | − | − |
| Viburnum burejaeticum | N | N | N | N | N |
| Acer tegmentosum | − | N | N | N | + |
| Acer mono | + | + | − | N | − |
| Rosa acicularis | − | N | + | N | N |
| Maackia amurensis | N | + | − | − | − |
| Populus davidiana | N | N | N | N | N |
| Fraxinus mandshurica | N | − | N | + | N |
| Picea jezoensis | − | − | N | + | + |
| Sorbaria sorbifolia | − | − | N | N | + |
| Tilia amurensis | + | + | − | N | − |
| Rhododendron dauricum | N | + | − | − | N |
| Positive association | 5 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 8 |
| Negative association | 12 | 13 | 7 | 6 | 7 |
| Total | 17 | 22 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
+, −, and N indicate positive associations, negative associations, and no corresponding associations, respectively