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Illustration of the Talbot effect. When a periodic diffraction grating is illuminated by a plane wave, the image of the grating is repeated at a Talbot distance of 
= 
[equation (10)] where a is the period of the diffraction grating. For a grating period of 
= 100 nm, and 
= 0.124 nm (corresponding to 10 keV X-rays), the Talbot distance is = 161 µm. The grating here was assumed to be fully absorptive.
