Table 8.
Risk Assessment due to consumption of cashew nuts from Lagos State, Nigeria.
| Location | Mean aflatoxin (ngg−1) |
1PDI (ngkg−1bwday−1) |
2Margin of exposure (MOE) |
3Population risk for primary liver cancer (canceryear−1100,000−1 population) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| “Lakowe” | 6.80b | 0.24 | 708.33 | 0.01 |
| “Obalende” | 5.80b | 0.20 | 850.00 | 0.01 |
| “Ikota” | 5.40b | 0.19 | 894.73 | 0.01 |
| “Ikeja” | 0.1a | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| “Badagry” | 6.4b | 0.22 | 772.72 | 0.01 |
| 4Mean | 4.9 | 0.17 | 1000 | 0.01 |
Values with different superscripts along the same column are significantly different at P < 0.05. 1Probable Daily Intake (PDI) calculated by multiplying the aflatoxin concentration in cashew nuts by consumption rates of cashew nuts in Nigeria (2.08 g/person/day) as estimated by WHO 2008 and divided by assumed body weight for Nigerian adults (60 kg). 2Margin of exposure (MOE) calculated by dividing the benchmark dose lower limit (BMDL) for aflatoxins by AFB1 exposure. 3Population risk for primary liver cancer = exposure × average potency (0.04944). 4Mean of aflatoxin concentration.