Chart 1: Diseases to be considered for the differential diagnosis of dermatites enteropathica.

Acquired zinc deficiency

Biotin deficiency and multiple carboxylase deficiencies

Malabsorption syndromes secondary to cystic fibrosis or intestinal diseases

Essential fatty acid deficiency

Kwashiorkor

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Isoleucine deficiency in restrictive diets for the maple syrup disease or methylmalonic aciduria

Glutaric aciduria type 1

Leucinosis

Nonketotic hyperglycinemia

Prematurity

Inadequate supplementation in parenteral feeding

Atypical epidermolysis bullosa

Atopic dermatitis

Cutaneous candidiasis

Seborrheic dermatitis

Source: adapted from Gehring KA. Curr Opin in Pediatr. 2010;22:107-12.