Table 3.
Short-term effects of the Outsmart HPV intervention on HPV and HPV vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs
| Intervention (n=68) |
Control (n=73) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | b | p | Cohen’s d | |
| Knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccinea | 0.94 | (0.17) | 0.94 | (0.14) | 0.00 | 0.95 | 0.00 |
| Perceived severity of HPV-related diseaseb | 3.48 | (0.58) | 3.42 | (0.66) | 0.10 | 0.56 | 0.06 |
| Perceived likelihood of HPV-related diseasec | 2.62 | (0.65) | 2.54 | (0.64) | 0.12 | 0.67 | 0.04 |
| Perception that MSM are at higher risk of anal cancer relative to other mend | 4.38 | (0.81) | 4.10 | (0.84) | 0.34 | 0.02 | 0.30 |
| Perceived effectiveness of HPV vaccinee | 3.26 | (0.67) | 3.27 | (0.76) | −0.01 | 0.68 | 0.05 |
| Perceived harms of HPV vaccined | 3.75 | (1.08) | 4.05 | (0.66) | −0.34 | 0.01 | −0.23 |
| Perceived barriers to getting HPV vaccinef | 2.30 | (1.00) | 2.32 | (0.88) | −0.02 | 0.94 | −0.01 |
| Perceived positive social norms of HPV vaccination among gay and bisexual mend | 3.69 | (1.01) | 3.52 | (1.02) | 0.17 | 0.39 | 0.13 |
| HPV vaccination self-efficacyf | 4.42 | (0.63) | 4.32 | (0.66) | 0.15 | 0.04 | 0.18 |
| Intent to get HPV vaccine in next 6 monthsd | 4.04 | (0.89) | 3.82 | (0.82) | 0.26 | 0.08 | 0.21 |
Note. HPV= human papillomavirus; SD=standard deviation; MSM=men who have sex with men Table shows HPV and HPV vaccination knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs at posttest. Coefficients (b) and P-values come from regression models of posttest scores controlling for the baseline level of the outcome and adjust for baseline differences in income between study groups.
Proportion of correct responses 5 true/false items about HPV and HPV vaccine
3 item scale, α=0.79; each item used a 4-point response scale ranging from 1=“not at all [serious]” to 4=“very [serious]”
3 item scale, α=0.81; each items used a 4-point response scale ranging from 1=“no chance” to 4=“high chance”
Single item using a 5-point response scale ranging from 1=“strongly disagree” to 5=“strongly agree”
2 item scale, α=0.82; each item used using a 4-point response scale ranging from 1=“not at all” to 4=“a lot”
2 item scale, α=0.73; each item used a 5-point response scale ranging from 1=“strongly disagree” to 5=“strongly agree”