Table 2.
Prevalence of, and Association with, Liver Disease Outcomes in Patients with the Isolated Anti-HBc Serologic Profile and/or Occult HBV Infection in HIV-Infected Cohorts
| Cohort | Number of HIV + patients | Prevalence of Isolated Anti-HBc and/or occult HBV infection | Liver Outcomes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-infected | ||||
| HIV-infected, USA, VACS cohort, cross-sectional | 19,486 | Isolated anti-HBc: 1504 (12.3%) OBI not reported |
Isolated anti-HBc associated with advanced fibrosis (FIB-4, platelets) in HIV/HCV, when compared to resolved anti-HBs (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.20-2.28) | Bhattacharya JAIDS 2017 |
| HIV infected individuals, Spain, cross-sectional | 3,030 | Isolated anti-HBc: 202 (6.6%) OBI of anti-HBc: 5 (2.5%) |
No association with baseline elevated transaminases | Palacios HIV Clin Trials 2008 |
| HIV-infected HBsAg negative pregnant women, Thailand, PHPT-2 | 1682 | Isolated anti-HBc: 229 (13.6%) OBI of anti-HBc: 47 (2.8%) |
No association with HBV perinatal transmission | Khamduang CID 2013 |
| HIV-infected, USA, MACS Cohort, longitudinal | 1,169 | Isolated anti-HBc: 259 (22.2%) OBI not reported |
---------------------------------------------------------- | Witt Clin Infect Dis 2012 |
| HIV-infected, France, Aquitaine Cohort, cross-sectional | 1,123 | Isolated anti-HBc: 160 (14.2%) OBI of anti-HBc: 1 (0.63%) |
---------------------------------------------------------- | Neau CID 2005 |
| HIV-infected, South Africa, cross-sectional | 502 | Isolated anti-HBc: 53 (10.6%) OBI: 38/43 (88.4%) |
---------------------------------------------------------- | Firnhaber Int J Infect Dis 2009 |
| HIV-infected, India, cross-sectional | 441 | OBI: 28/441 (6.3%) | ---------------------------------------------------------- | Saha PLOS One 2017 |
| HIV-infected, USA, WIHS Cohort, cross-sectional | 400 with isolated anti-HBc | OBI of anti-HBc: 8 (2%) | No association between ALT levels and OBI status | Tsui Clin Infect Dis 2007 |
| HIV-infected, Ghana, cross-sectional | 385 | OBI: 35 (1%) | Increased proportion (65%) with elevated transaminases after ART initiation at 1 mos, but not 6,12 mos, compared to | Chadwick AIDS 2013 |
| HIV infected women, USA, WIHS cohort, longitudinal | 344 HIV/HCV median 9.5 yrs f/u |
Isolated anti-HBc: 132 (38.3%) OBI: |
No difference in change of ELF over time b/w anti-HBc and other serologies (p=0.64) | French JAIDS 2016 |
| HIV-infected, France | 240 | Isolated anti-HBc: 42 (17.5%) OBI: 13 (5.4%) |
No association between isolated anti-HBc and acute LEE | Piroth J Hepatol 2002 |
| HIV-infected, USA, ACTG, cross-sectional | 240 | Isolated anti-HBc: 38 (15.8%) OBI: 4 (10.5%) |
No association between ALT levels and HBV DNA positivity | Shire JAIDS 2004 Shire JAIDS 2007 |
| HIV-infected, Turkey, cross-sectional | 209 | Isolated anti-HBc: 40 (19.1%) OBI: 7 (7.5%) |
---------------------------------------------------------- | Karaosmanoglu HIV Clin Trials 2013 |
| HIV-infected, South Africa | 192 | Isolated anti-HBc: 29 (15.1%) OBI: 11 (37.9%) |
---------------------------------------------------------- | Lukhwareni J Med Virol 2009 |
| Multi-center prospective study HIV infected, HBsAg negative, ART naïve, Italy | 115 | Isolated anti-HBc: 42 (36.5%) OBI: 17/86 (19.8%) |
32.5% (28/86) pts experienced hepatic flare (more frequent in HBV+ than negative: 64.7% of HBV+ pts vs. 24.6% HBV-) | Filippini AIDS 2006 |
| HIV-infected HBsAg– | 97 anti-HBc + | OBI: 13 (13%) | No difference in transaminitis following ART initiation | Lo Re V J Clin Virology 2008 |
| HIV-infected anti-HBc+, Switzerland, Swiss HIV Cohort Study | 57 | Isolated anti-HBc: 57 (100%) OBI: 51 (89.5%) |
In anti-HCV negative and HBV DNA positive individuals 8/22 (36.4%) had ALT elevation for 6 or more months that was directly related to HBV infection Significantly higher ALT values in 12/29 (41.4%) of HBV DNA and anti-HCV positive individuals |
Hofer Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 1998 |