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. 2018 Jul 10;8:10378. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28723-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Hemodynamic parameters. Changes in (a) systolic blood pressure (SBP), (b) diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and (C) heart rate (HR) over time in the sham-vaping (open circle), nicotine free vaping (open square) and nicotine vaping (closed triangle) sessions. Nicotine vaping, compared to baseline (BSL), was associated with an increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as heart rate for 60 minutes, 120 minutes and 120 minutes post-exposure, respectively. In comparison to BSL, vaping without nicotine increased diastolic blood pressure and heart rate during the limited period of exposure. p-value for the time*session interaction effects for systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as for heart rate were <0.001, <0.0001 and <0.0001, respectively. p-value for comparisons vs. BSL: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Data are the mean ± SEM.