Table 1.
Biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles (BRSM) and nanocellulose (NCC) yield recovery.
| Process (refer to Fig. S1) | Pineapple peels (A) |
NaOH 20 wt.%, 1.5 h (B1) |
NaOH 12 wt.%, 1 h (B2) |
NaClO 2.5 wt.%, 2 h (C) |
HCl 17 wt.%, 2 h (D) |
H2SO4 65 wt.%, 1.5 h (E) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nanocellulose extraction process | ||||||
| *Humid mass(g) (10 g humid peels: 1 g dried peels) | 500 | 323 | 163 | 100 | 69 | 35 |
| wt.% solid recovery (humid) | 100% | 64.6 | 32.6 | 20 | 13.8 | 7 |
| Separation and purification of BRSM and NCC | ||||||
| Mixture NCC and BRSM | Solid centrifugation (2500 rpm) | NCC residual | ||||
| +Mass (g) (dried) | 5.5 | 3.6 | 1.9 | |||
| Solid recovery wt.% (dried) | 100 | 65.5 | 34.5 | |||
| Yield recovery of silica and NCC | ||||||
| Calculation base 50 g of dried peels | BRSM | NCC | ||||
| Experimental wt.% dried solid | 7.2 | 3.8 | ||||
A, B1, B2, C, D and E: incubation with NaOH 20 wt.%, NaOH 12 wt.%, NaClO 2.5 wt.%, HCl 17 wt.% and H2SO4 65 wt.% solutions, respectively.
*Humid mass weighted after rinsing with water until achieving stable pH. +Mass obtained after rinsing with water until achieving a stable pH and drying at 50 °C. Solid recovery: (solid weighted after contact with the solution or separation by centrifugation and rinsing)/initial mass * 100.