Table 2.

Characteristics and outcomes by four combinations of FB-fir24hr and FB-sec24hr.

Variables	FB-fir24hr ≤ 0 and FB-sec24hr ≤ 0 (n = 1040)	FB-fir24hr ≤ 0 and FB-sec24hr > 0 (n = 851)	FB-fir24hr > 0 and FB-sec24hr ≤ 0 (n = 1836)	FB-fir24hr > 0 and FB-sec24hr > 0 (n = 4857)	p
Hospital mortality [n (%)]	140 (13.5)	192 (22.5)#	226 (12.3)	1320 (27.1)#	<0.001
ICU LOS [median (IQR)]	4.1 (2.9–7.3)	5.7 (3.2–11.3)#	4.0 (2.8–7.6)	6.0 (3.3–11.5)#	<0.001
Hospital LOS [median (IQR)]	10.7 (4.8–17.0)	12.4 (7.7–20.8)#	10.8 (7.1–17.7)	13.2 (7.9–21.5)#	<0.001
SOFA on admission [median (IQR)]	4 (3–6)	4 (3–6)	5 (4–7)#	6 (4–8)#	<0.001
Fluid balance (ml/kg/48 hr)	−31.9 ± 19.9	1.9 ± 25.3#	17.7 ± 32.1#	71.3 ± 56.0#	<0.001
Fluid intake (ml/kg/48 hr)	42.1 ± 26.7	67.3 ± 40.6#	84.9 ± 47.8#	113.1 ± 59.9#	<0.001
Output (ml/kg/48 hr)	74.0 ± 34.7	65.4 ± 40.0#	67.1 ± 35.1#	49.8 ± 29.0#	<0.001
Urine output (ml/kg/48 hr)	64.2 ± 32.0	49.9 ± 31.8#	54.2 ± 30.9#	33.1 ± 24.7#	<0.001
Haemodialysis [n (%)]	84 (8.1)	77 (9.0)	156 (8.5)	652 (13.4)#	<0.001

Abbreviations: FB-fir24hr, fluid balance within the first 24 hours after ICU admission; FB-sec24 hr, fluid balance within the second 24 hours (25 to 48 hours) after ICU admission; ICU intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; IQR, interquartile range.

Note: Comparisons between combination I and other combinations were made and ^# indicated p value < 0.001.