Table 2.
Association between high risk of exercise addiction and reporting of psychological distress or problems with health-related quality of life.
| Exposure | Number reporting yes or no | Prevalence proportion difference | 95% confidence interval | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms of major depression (MDI) | HREA | 16/59 | 13.0% | [3.6%; 22.4%] | 0.007 |
| LREA | 84/924 | 0 (ref) | |||
| Symptoms of emotional stress (PSS) | HREA | 38/37 | 26.2% | [14.5%; 37.8%] | < 0.001 |
| LREA | 247/761 | 0 (ref) | |||
| Any problems on EQ-5D mobility |
HREA | 26/49 | 2.5% | [−8.7%; 13.6%] | 0.661 |
| LREA | 323/681 | 0 (ref) | |||
| Any problems on EQ-5D self-care |
HREA | 13/62 | −0.2% | [−9.1%; 8.7%] | 0.965 |
| LREA | 176/828 | 0 (ref) | |||
| Any problems on EQ-5D usual activities |
HREA | 41/34 | 4.4% | [−7.3%; 16.1%] | 0.464 |
| LREA | 506/500 | 0 (ref) | |||
| Any problems on EQ-5D pain/discomfort |
HREA | 58/17 | 2.3% | [−7.6%; 12.1%] | 0.649 |
| LREA | 755/251 | 0 (ref) | |||
| Any problems on EQ-5D anxiety/depression |
HREA | 34/41 | 17.6% | [6.0%; 29.2%] | 0.003 |
| LREA | 278/726 | 0 (ref) |
HREA = high risk of exercise addiction. LREA = low risk of exercise addiction. Ref = reference.
MDI = Major Depression Index. PSS = Perceived Stress Scale.
Assuming causal relationships, the numbers needed to treat (NNT) to avoid one depression: NNT = 1/0.13 = 7.7 persons. Similarly, the NNT for emotional stress was 1/0,262 = 3.8 persons and for Anxiety 1/0,176 = 5.7 persons.