Figure 1.

Calcium is a key component of hepatic growth factor signaling during liver regeneration after physical injury. Growth factors induce their mitogenic effects through pathways involving receptor translocation to the nuclear compartment and subsequent triggering of nucleoplasmic calcium release. Increased cytosolic calcium levels activate calcium-dependent transcription factors and kinases, which facilitates cell cycle entry and progression. Furthermore, EGFR directly associates to the promoter of pro-proliferative genes, such as cyclin D1, COX2, and MYC. Components involved in EGF-, HGF-, and insulin signaling are shown green, red, and purple, respectively. Signaling molecules shared between pathways are depicted in orange.