VpsT and VpsR are required for tag induction by c-di-GMP. (A) Parent strain (ΔvpsL mutant) and isogenic knockouts (ΔvpsT, ΔvpsR, and ΔflrA mutants) harboring either QrgB* or QrgB and the tag3 luciferase reporter construct were grown in the presence of 100 μM IPTG to induce protein expression. The data are the averages from the results from at least three experiments, and the error bars indicate standard deviations. #, statistical significance (P < 0.05) between strains, as determined by a two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple-comparison test. (B) tag expression in the ΔvpsT and ΔvpsR mutant backgrounds with vectors harboring IPTG-inducible VpsT and VpsR, respectively. All strains contain tag3 and either QrgB* or QrgB, as well as an expression vector for VpsT or VpsR or an empty vector negative control. Data represent averages of the results from at least three different experiments. Error bars indicate standard deviations. #, statistical significance (P < 0.05) comparing QrgB* and QrgB for that given strain/condition, as determined by a two-tailed Student t test.