Table 4.
Drug interactions and potential adverse drug events.
| Drug–drug combination | Potential Adverse Drug Events | No. of patients |
|---|---|---|
| Contraindicated | ||
| Linezolid-Carbamezepine | Increased risk of serotonin syndrome | 1 |
| Linezolid-Venlafaxin | Increased risk of serotonin syndrome | 1 |
| Linezolid-Citalopram | Increased risk of serotonin syndrome | 1 |
| Fluconazole-Granisetron | Increased risk of QT interval prolongation | 1 |
| Voriconazole-Carbamazepine | Reduced systemic exposure to voriconazole | 1 |
| Major* | ||
| Ciprofloxacin-Metronidazole | Increased risk of QT interval prolongation | 5 |
| Linezolid-Tramadol | Increased risk of serotonin syndrome | 4 |
| Clarithromycin-Tramadol | Increased risk of serotonin syndrome,seizure | 3 |
| Ciprofloxacin-Insulin | Changes in blood glucose (hypo/hyperglycemia) | 3 |
| Linezolid-Fentanyl | Increased risk of serotonin syndrome | 3 |
| Linezolid-Morphine | Potentiation of the CNS and respiratory depressant effects of morphine | 2 |
| Metronidazole-Famotidine | Increased risk of QT interval prolongation | 2 |
| Metronidazole-Quetiapine | Increased risk of QT interval prolongation | 2 |
| Moxifloxacin-Insulin | Changes in blood glucose (hypo/hyperglycemia) | 2 |
| Metronidazole-Trazodone | Increased risk of QT interval prolongation | 2 |
| Moderate* | ||
| Metronidazole-Diclofenac | Increased level or effect of diclofenac | 14 |
| Moxifloxacin-Methylprednisolone | Increased risk for tendon rupture | 9 |
| Fluconazole-Pantoprazole | Increased plasma concentration of pantoprazol | 5 |
| Moxifloxacin-Budesonide | Increased risk for tendon rupture | 5 |
| Clarithromycin-Budesonide | Increased budesonide plasma conconcentrations | 4 |
| Ciprofloxacin-Budesonide | Increased risk for tendon rupture | 3 |
| Clarithromycin-MethylPrednisolone | Increased risk of metilprednisolone side effects | 3 |
| Ciprofloxacin-Diclofenac | Increased ciprofloxacin plasma conconcentrations | 2 |
| Linezolid-Rifampicin | Subtherapeutic linezolid serum concentrations | 2 |
| Tigecycline-Warfarine | Increased warfarin exposure | 2 |
| Minor | ||
| Ciprofloxacin-Metoprolol | Bradycardia, hypotension | 3 |
| Ciprofloxacin-Propranolol | Bradycardia, hypotension | 2 |
| Clarithromycin-Theophylline | Theophylline toxicity | 2 |
| Clarithromycin-Lansoprazol | Glossitis, stomatitis, or black tongue | 2 |
*
Most prevalent ten interactions are shown.