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Schematic model of the regulation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Under basal conditions, Nrf2 undergoes Keap1-mediated ubiquitylation and 26S proteasome-mediated degradation. In response to oxidants, toxicants, or Nrf2 inducers, Nrf2 is released from Keap1, translocates into the nucleus, and activates the transcription of ARE-mediated protective genes.
