Table 5.
Prevalence of lumbosacral malformations in different samples during similar eras.
| Country | Century | Prevalence (%) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spina bifida occulta | Sacralization | Lumbarization | Spondylolysis | ||||||||||
| Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | Total | ||
| Joseon Korea (This study) | 16-18th | 12.3 | 4.4 | 7.6 | 9.9 | 1.4 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 3.0 |
| British [18] | 10-19th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 7.0 | 14.5 | 8.9 | 11.9 |
| Bulgaria [19] | 9-15th | 6.6 | 0 | 3.8 | - | - | 2.9 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| France [21] | 5-11th | - | - | - | - | - | 3.3 | - | - | 3.3 | - | - | 10 |
| Hungary [22] | 10-17th | 7.1 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 2.7 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 3.5 | - | 1.4 | - | - | - |
| Romania [20] | 15-19th | 5.2 | 1.9 | 3.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Slovakia [13] | 11-12th | 26.0 | 19.0 | 22.0 | 15.0 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 |