Fig 3.

Mortality in 48-h acute toxicity test, FI after 48-h exposure and mortality to instar 3 for S. infuscatum larvae exposed to (a) imidacloprid, (b) fipronil and (c) fipronil sulfone. Each treatment was conducted in quadruplicate and each replicate contained six larvae. To confirm that delayed toxicity after 48-h exposure consequently causes mortality to instar 3 via feeding inhibition, we compared mortality at 48 h to that at instar 3. Asterisks indicate significant differences; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.