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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Bone. 2018 May 8;113:49–56. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.05.005

Table 2.

Association of Year 14 HR-pQCT microarchitectural parameters with history of prior clinical fracture between MrOS baseline and Year 14 study visits, Odds Ratio (95% CI)

Per 1 unit SD decrement Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Distal Radius n-used=1702 n-used=1657 n-used=1639
n-event=318 n-event=300 n-event=298
FEA estimated failure load, N 1338.1 N 1.62 (1.41, 1.86) 1.36 (1.15, 1.62) 1.35 (1.14, 1.60)
Total vBMD, mg/cm3 61.2 mg/cm3 1.52 (1.32, 1.74) 1.24 (1.06, 1.46) 1.22 (1.03, 1.44)
Total bone area, mm2 66.3 mm2 0.98 (0.85, 1.12) 1.00 (0.86, 1.15) 1.02 (0.88, 1.18)
Trabecular vBMD, mg/cm3 39.4 mg/cm3 1.46 (1.28, 1.66) 1.19 (1.02, 1.39) 1.17 (1.00, 1.38)
Trabecular number, mm−1 0.21 mm−1 1.40 (1.24, 1.59) 1.17 (1.00, 1.36) 1.16 (1.00, 1.35)
Trabecular thickness, mm 0.018 mm 1.19 (1.05, 1.35) 1.04 (0.91, 1.19) 1.03 (0.90, 1.19)
Trabecular bone area, mm2 68.3 mm2 0.90 (0.78, 1.02) 0.95 (0.83, 1.09) 0.97 (0.83, 1.12)
Cortical vBMD, mg/cm3 69.2 mg/cm3 1.34 (1.18, 1.52) 1.21 (1.06, 1.39) 1.18 (1.03, 1.36)
Cortical porosity, % 0.81% 1.13 (0.99, 1.28) 1.05 (0.92, 1.19) 1.06 (0.93, 1.22)
Cortical thickness, mm 0.230 mm 1.45 (1.27, 1.66) 1.25 (1.07, 1.45) 1.23 (1.06, 1.44)
Cortical bone area, mm2 14.3 mm2 1.50 (1.31, 1.73) 1.30 (1.11, 1.52) 1.30 (1.11, 1.53)
Distal Tibia n-used=1717 n-used=1678 n-used=1660
n-event=326 n-event=311 n-event=309
FEA estimated failure load, N 2934.3 N 1.61 (1.40, 1.84) 1.32 (1.10, 1.57) 1.26 (1.05, 1.51)
Total vBMD, mg/cm3 55.2 mg/cm3 1.53 (1.34, 1.76) 1.24 (1.04, 1.47) 1.20 (1.01, 1.43)
Total bone area, mm2 136.9 mm2 0.94 (0.81, 1.08) 0.93 (0.80, 1.08) 0.92 (0.78, 1.08)
Trabecular vBMD, mg/cm3 38.1 mg/cm3 1.29 (1.14, 1.47) 1.02 (0.88, 1.19) 1.00 (0.86, 1.17)
Trabecular number, mm−1 0.213 mm−1 1.19 (1.05, 1.34) 0.97 (0.84, 1.12) 0.97 (0.84, 1.12)
Trabecular thickness, mm 0.023 mm 1.09 (0.96, 1.24) 1.00 (0.87, 1.14) 0.99 (0.86, 1.14)
Trabecular bone area, mm2 145.7 mm2 0.84 (0.73, 0.97) 0.89 (0.77, 1.03) 0.88 (0.75, 1.03)
Cortical vBMD, mg/cm3 80.8 mg/cm3 1.48 (1.30, 1.67) 1.30 (1.12, 1.50) 1.26 (1.09, 1.46)
Cortical porosity, % 1.65% 0.95 (0.84, 1.07) 0.94 (0.83, 1.07) 0.96 (0.84, 1.09)
Cortical thickness, mm 0.335 mm 1.48 (1.29, 1.70) 1.24 (1.07, 1.45) 1.23 (1.05, 1.44)
Cortical bone area, mm2 31.1 mm2 1.50 (1.32, 1.71) 1.28 (1.09, 1.49) 1.26 (1.08, 1.47)
Diaphyseal Tibia n-used=1499 n-used=1465 n-used=1449
n-event=268 n-event=253 n-event=252
FEA estimated failure load, N 2703.3 N 1.61 (1.38, 1.87) 1.39 (1.17, 1.65) 1.35 (1.12, 1.62)
Total vBMD, mg/cm3 78.6 mg/cm3 1.30 (1.14, 1.49) 1.06 (0.90, 1.24) 1.03 (0.88, 1.22)
Total bone area, mm2 51.7 mm2 1.20 (1.03, 1.39) 1.17 (1.00, 1.37) 1.18 (1.00, 1.40)
Cortical vBMD, mg/cm3 35.0 mg/cm3 1.10 (0.96, 1.26) 0.99 (0.86, 1.14) 0.96 (0.82, 1.12)
Cortical bone area, mm2 40.3 mm2 1.58 (1.36, 1.84) 1.38 (1.15, 1.64) 1.35 (1.12, 1.62)
Cortical porosity, % 1.18% 0.85 (0.75, 0.96) 0.93 (0.81, 1.06) 0.95 (0.83, 1.09)
Cortical thickness, mm 0.881 mm 1.43 (1.24, 1.65) 1.21 (1.02, 1.43) 1.17 (0.99, 1.39)

Y14 = MrOS Year 14 study visit; HR-pQCT = high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence intervals, SD = standard deviation; FEA = finite element analysis; aBMD = areal bone mineral density; vBMD = volumetric bone mineral density; n-used = number of men

Model 1 adjusted for Y14 age, race, limb length and clinic site

Model 2 adjusted for Y14 age, race, limb length, clinic site and DXA total hip aBMD

Model 3 adjusted for Y14 age, race, clinic site, limb length, weight, physical activity, baseline smoking status, alcohol consumption, past falls, self-reported history of fracture between age 50 and MrOS baseline, and DXA total hip aBMD