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. 2018 Jul 11;8:10480. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28735-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Sketch of the geometry as modeled in COMSOL. Microchannels are two-dimensional and show a similar geometry compared to the actual microchannels. The insets show surface plots of ${\vec{v}}_{F}$ (the fluidic velocity due to the applied pressure difference), $\vec{E}$ (the electric field due to the applied potential drop ΔV), and calculated particle trajectories. On the right is, for comparison, a bright-field microscopy image of an actual PDMS channel.