. 2018 Aug;366(2):303–313. doi: 10.1124/jpet.118.249359

TABLE 5.

In vitro effects of nicotine in combination with chemotherapy on lung cancer under nonphysiologic conditions and/or with nonpharmacological concentrations of nicotine

Lung Cancer Cell Line	Nicotine	Chemotherapy	Duration of Treatment	Serum Concentration	Cellular Response (Assay)	Result (Relative to Chemotherapy Alone)	Reference
A549	1 μM	Cisplatin 20 μM	24 h	0% for 36 h, then treated	Apoptosis (TUNEL)	40% decrease^*	Dasgupta et al. (2011)
H446	2.5–15 μM	Cisplatin 10 μM	12–72 h	10%	Viability (MTT)	10%–20% increase (2.5 μM),	Zeng et al. (2012)
			12–72 h		Viability (MTT)	0%–50% decrease (5–15 μM)^†
			36 h		Apoptosis (AV/PI)	25%–50% decrease^*
A549, H1299, H23	1 μM	Cisplatin 20 μM	36 h	0%	Apoptosis (TUNEL)	20%–40% decrease^†	Dasgupta et al. (2006)
		Gemcitabine 20 μM				20%–25% decrease^†
		Paclitaxel 20 μM				25%–50% decrease^†
N417	Previous nicotine exposure (500 μM for 7 days)	Cisplatin (5–100 μM)	48 h	10%	Viability (MTT)	50% increase^*	Martínez-García et al. (2010)
		Etoposide (5–100 μM)				50% increase^*
		Mitomycin (5–50 μM)				IC₅₀ 10 μM → 20 μM^*
		Paclitaxel (5–100 μM)				IC₅₀ 35 μM → 70 μM^*
201T	10 μM	Gefitinib 35 μM	48 h	10%	Viability (MTS)	47% increase (10 μM)^*	Carlisle et al. (2007)
A549	1 μM	Gemcitabine 10 μM	36 h	0% for 24 h, then treated	Apoptosis (TUNEL)	20% decrease^*	Guo et al. (2013)
H157, H1703	10 μM	Paclitaxel 100 nM	48 h	0.1%	Apoptosis (sub-G1)	8% decrease^*	Tsurutani et al. (2005)
H157, H1703	10 μM	Etoposide 100 μM	48 h	0.1%	Apoptosis (sub-G1)	15% decrease^*	Tsurutani et al. (2005)

AV/PI, annexin V/propidium iodide; MTS, (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium); MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling.

Statistically significant.

^{^†}

Statistical significance not indicated.