Table 2.
Approach sites and complications of ECMO
| Year | 2009 | 2016 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Approach site of drainage cannula | 0.021 | ||
| Femoral vein | 14 (100) | 8 (57) | |
| Right jugular vein | 0 (0) | 6 (43) | |
| Approach site of return cannula | 0.0498 | ||
| Femoral vein | 2 (14) | 6 (43) | |
| Right jugular vein | 12 (86) | 6 (43) | |
| Femoral artery | 0 (0) | 2 (14) | |
| Adverse events directly related to the ECMO circuit | |||
| Oxygenator failure | 7 (50) | 6 (43) | > 0.99 |
| Blood clots | |||
| Oxygenator | 3 (21) | 8 (57) | 0.12 |
| Other circuit | 1 (7) | 2 (14) | > 0.99 |
| Cannula-related problems | 3 (21) | 3 (21) | > 0.99 |
| Pump head complications | 1 (7) | 1 (7) | > 0.99 |
| Adverse events indirectly related to the ECMO circuit | |||
| Massive bleeding | |||
| Surgical site | 4 (29) | 3 (21) | > 0.99 |
| Upper digestive tract | 4 (29) | 2 (14) | 0.65 |
| Cannulation site | 2 (14) | 2 (14) | > 0.99 |
| Pulmonary hemorrhage | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | > 0.99 |
| Hemolysis | 2 (14) | 1 (7) | > 0.99 |
| Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 10 (71) | 5 (36) | 0.13 |
| Venous thrombus | 2 (14) | 4 (21) | 0.50 |
ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation