Fig 4. Inducing sleep increases resistance to oxidative stress.

(A) dFB>NaChBac flies slept 40% more than controls (left panel, p < 0.0001 compared to either control, n = 20 flies/genotype) and died slower than controls after either paraquat injection (middle panel, p < 0.0001 compared to either control, n = 79–80 flies/genotype) or H₂O₂ feeding (right panel, p < 0.001 compared to either control, n = 31–32 flies/genotype). (B) Flies fed the GABA_A agonist Gaboxadol slept 25% more than controls (left panel, p < 0.001, n = 8 flies/condition) and died slower than controls after paraquat injection (right panel, p < 0.0001, n = 118–119 flies/condition). These data support the conclusion (C) that inducing sleep by either genetic or pharmacological means confers oxidative stress resistance. For scatterplots (A–B, left panels), each data point represents average sleep in minutes/day measured across 4–5 days in an individual animal; data are shown as mean ± SEM. p-values were obtained by ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey test when significance was detected (A–B, left panels) or by log-rank analysis (A–B, middle and right panels). Data from representative experiments are shown. Each experiment was performed at least three times. Raw data from representative experiments are available in S1 Data; raw data from all trials are available upon request. dFB, dorsal Fan-shaped Body; GABA_A, γ-aminobutyric acid-A.