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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 12.
Published in final edited form as: J Chromatogr A. 2017 Jul 21;1523:40–48. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.07.055

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

An overview of techniques adopted in different components of MS-based nanoproteomics. Generally, nanogram-scale samples are obtained from different sources, and are processed using microscale sample processing techniques such as single-tube, or online processing systems to reduce sample transfer steps for minimum sample loss. Then the digested peptides are subjected to highly sensitive nanoLC-MS or CE-MS analysis. In some cases, multidimensional separation is utilized to increase overall proteome coverage.