Table 1.

Microscale separation platforms and their performance in nanoproteomics^*.

Column type	L(cm)	i.d. (µm)	F (nL/min)	Sample size	Cp	# proteins	Detection limit	Ref
Packed	87	15–75	20–400	0.1 µg yeast digest	∼1000	1345–7 peptides		[32]
LC	10	50	500	1 µg yeast digest	∼100	288–492		[106]
	85	15	20	0.5 pg-10 ng bacterium digest	∼1000	3–872	75 zmol	[29]
	15	75	200	10,000 LCM breast cells		76		[33]
	25	75	400	∼15,000 LCM pancreatic cells		900–1300		[107]
	10	100	700	0.2–0.8 µg single blastomeres		644–1466		[35]
	10	75	300	500–5000 MCF7 cells		167–619		[36]
	10	50	50	single islets (2000–4000 cells)		2013		[34]
	20	75	300	2000 kidney cells (Spintip-based)		1270 (duplicates)		[108]
	12	75	200	100,000 cancer cells (Direct lysis-digest)		2987 phosphosites		[109]
	75	50	300	4000 LCM lung cells (SNaPP)		3446		[17]
			300	100–500 cells (iPAD)		635–1060	200 zmol	[100]
	100	25	5	0.2 µg murine cell digest	∼750	3243		[66]
Monolithic	70	20	40	0.5–100 ng bacterium digest	∼420	18–217	15 amol	[39]
LC	25	10	10	0.1 µg bacterium digest		1332	5 amol	[42]
	60	75	100–300	0.5 µg yeast digest	∼313	1323		[40]
	200	100	500	1 µg HeLa cell digest	∼360	2605		[110]
	420	10	20	0.05 µg microbe digest fraction	∼400	566	<amol	[44]
	320	10	20	45 ng protein (equivalent to 350 cells)		343		[43]
	320(2D)	10	20	500 ng cancer cell digest		850		[71]
	800	10	40	1000–10,000 tumor cell digest		456–1187		[45]
	500	10	40	0.5 µg cancer cell digest (OTER)		1462		[88]
CE	60	50		6ng rat testis H1 histones digest		135 peptides	<30 amol	[111]
	90	50		400 ng HeLa cell digest	∼300	2100		[58]
	50	50		tumor cell digest (1 µL)		112	7 fmol	[54]
	60	50		1–100ng bacterium digest		142–312		[57]
	60	50		<1 µg bacterium digest		871		[56]
	100	20		80 ng cancer cell digest		283	<2 amol	[59]
	60	50		20–40 ng bacterium digest		179–199		[60]
	90	30		5–100 ng microbe digest		370–548 (duplicates)		[112]
	40	10	20	400 fg–84 pg bacterium digest		4–162 (duplicates)		[30]
	95 (2D)	50		50 ng frog egg digest		330		[113]
	95 (2D)	50		5.5 ng bacterium digest		145		[113]

^*L: column length; i.d.: column inner diameter; F: flow rate; Cp: peak capacity.