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. 2018 Jul 12;8:10494. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28612-6

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Differences in soil water content between pea and maize strips during the co-growth period and after pea harvest. (a) the M/P was compared with PM/P systems, and (b) three water availabilities were compared: optimal (recommended irrigation amounts applied to the crops), sub-optimal (15% less than optimal), and deficit (30% less than optimal). Data were three-year means, as treatment effects followed a similar pattern each year. M/P represents the maize-pea strip intercropping with no artificial root barrier between the two crop strips and PM/P represents maize-pea strip intercropping with a solid plastic sheet inserted between the two strips prior to sowing.