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. 2018 Jul 12;8:10548. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28439-1

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Glomerular expression of ECM proteins in diabetic Smad3 knockout mice and control mice. (a) Representative photomicrographs of immunohistochemical staining of ECM proteins (Col4, Col1 and Col3) in the three groups (n = 10 for normal control mice; n = 10 for db/db mice; n = 5 for Smad3^+/−; db/db mice; *p < 0.05 versus normal control mice, **p < 0.05 versus db/db mice, t test). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). (b) The expression level of Col4 (Col4a1), Col1 (Col1a2), and Col3 (Col3a1) mRNA in the glomeruli in the above three groups. They were analyzed by qPCR and normalized to the expression of Rn18s. The values are expressed as the mean ± S.E. (*p < 0.05 versus normal control mice, **p < 0.05 versus db/db mice, t test). C, D, and S3D stand for normal control mice, db/db mice, and Smad3^+/−; db/db mice, respectively.