Table 1.
Zoonoses signs and symptoms.
| Zoonosis/condition | Source | Signs & symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Salmonellosis/gastroenteritis | Fish, amphibian, reptile, bird, mammal | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and pain, fever, painful joints, meningitis, flu-like |
| E. coli infection/ gastroenteritis | Amphibian, reptile, bird, mammal | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and pain, fever, painful joints, meningitis, flu-like |
| Campylobacteriosis/ gastroenteritis | Amphibian, reptile, bird, mammal-primate | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and pain, fever, painful joints, meningitis, flu-like |
| Leptospirosis | Amphibian, reptile, bird, mammal | Flu-like, vomiting, icterus, telangiectasia, uveitis, splenomegaly, meningitis |
| Chlamydiosis | Bird, mammal-primate | Flu-like, pneumonia, fever, cough |
| Vibriosis | Fish, amphibian, reptile, bird | Gastrointestinal, pain, vomiting, fever, otitis |
| Lyme disease/bartonellosis | Mammal | Flu-like, fever, rash, gastrointestinal |
| Toxocariasis | Mammal | Eye problems |
| Giardiasis | Mammal-primate | Gastrointestinal, fever, nausea, fatigue, weight loss |
| Tuberculosis | Fish, amphibian, reptile, bird, mammal-primate | Respiratory, flu-like, fever, weight loss |
| Q-fever | Reptile, bird, mammal | Fever, flu-like |
| Cryptosporidiosis | Fish, amphibian, reptile, bird | Acute gastrointestinal disturbance, nausea, vomiting, pain, fever, flu-like |
| Macroparasite infestation, e.g., helminths and ectoparasites | Fish, amphibian, reptile, bird, mammal, mammal-primate | Gastrointestinal disturbance abdominal cramps and pain, weight loss, flu-like |
| Ringworm | Mammal, mammal-primate | Patchy skin, inflammation, itching |
| Allergic alveolitis | Bird | Persistent dry cough, chest irritation |
| Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) | Mammal | Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fever, headache, fatigue. |
| Leishmaniasis | Mammal-dog | Fever, diarrhea, vomiting, respiratory, oral ulceration, cutaneous disease, and secondary bacterial disease. |
If experiencing these indicators report to a healthcare professional. These are a small sample of relatively common animal-to-human diseases. [Table derived from reviewed literature (14)]. Important. The onset of signs and symptoms of an animal-related disease may occur within hours or not for several weeks or months following exposure to an exotic animal. Most cases of diseases are not serious, but it is important to report any suspicion of having an animal-linked disease because treatment may vary from regular illnesses and early access to medical help can alleviate greater problems as well as assist health workers provide best advice.