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. 2018 Jul 6;9:1557. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01557

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Factor X (FX) promoted the growth of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells in vivo but not in vitro. (A) Immunohistochemistry detected the FX expression in astrocytoma of different WHO grades. Normal brains (n = 21); grade I (n = 15); grade II (n = 22); grade III (n = 21); and grade IV (n = 26). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (*p < 0.05). (B) Western blotting detected FX expression in primary cultured GBM cells (G1124, G1104) and other cell lines (HEB, U251, and HEK293). (C) Western blotting showed that knockdown of FX decreased FX expression in G1124 cells. (D–F) Knockdown of FX did not affect G1124 cell viability, proliferation, and invasion measured by CCK8 (D), EDU incorporation assays (E), and transwell assays (F). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (*p < 0.05). (G) Western blotting showed that overexpression of FX increased FX expression in U251 cells. (H–J) FX overexpression did not affect U251 cell viability, proliferation, and invasion measured by CCK8 (H), EDU incorporation assays (I), and transwell assays (J). Data are presented as mean ± SEM (*p < 0.05). (K) GL261 cells that were infected with lentivirus (GL261-CON and GL261-FX) were intracranially injected into the corpus striatum of C57BL/6 mice. HE staining showed that the mice transplanted with GL261-FX cells exhibited larger tumor volumes. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (*p < 0.05). (L) Immunohistochemistry detected FX and Ki67 expression in intracranial xenografts.