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. 2018 Jun;7(3):490–503. doi: 10.21037/tau.2018.05.17

Table 1. Decline in reference values of semen parameters from WHO 1999 to WHO 2010 guidelines.

Parameter WHO 1999 WHO 2010 % Decline
Volume (mL) 2 1.5 25
Concentration (million/mL) 20 15 25
Motility, % 50 40 20
Normal forms, % 14 4 71
Live forms, % 60 58 3