Table 2.
Bivariate predictors of low prenatal care utilization
| None in 1st trimester, N = 5213 | Less than 5 visits, N = 5372 | |
|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | n(%) | n(%) |
| Age group | p = 0.04 | p = 0.70 |
| 20–24 | 189(12.5) | 434(27.9) |
| 25–29 | 295(11.6) | 705(27.0) |
| 30–34 | 171(14.6) | 341(28.2) |
| Educational level | p = 0.000 | p = 0.000 |
| Elementary | 78(20.5) | 182(46.1) |
| Middle school | 415(14.2) | 888(29.4) |
| High school | 116(9.7) | 291(23.7) |
| College | 46(6.5) | 119(16.4) |
| Area of origin | p = 0.000 | p = 0.000 |
| East | 106(8.2) | 233(17.8) |
| Central | 302(14.3) | 644(29.7) |
| West | 247(13.6) | 603(31.9) |
| Household income per capita(CNY) | p = 0.001 | p = 0.000 |
| < 1000 | 148(15.4) | 363(36.5) |
| 1000–2000 | 342(13.1) | 738(27.4) |
| 2000–3000 | 85(9.5) | 226(24.5) |
| ≥3000 | 80(10.8) | 153(20.2) |
| Medical insurance | p = 0.000 | P = 0.000 |
| Rural insurance | 517(13.7) | 1173(30.0) |
| Childbearing insurance insurance | 27(5.6) | 63(12.9) |
| Both | 9(7.0) | 22(16.8) |
| None | 102(12.3) | 222(26.2) |
| Birth order pregnancy | p = 0.000 | P = 0.000 |
| 1st | 303(9.3) | 820(24.4) |
| 2nd | 313(17.2) | 584(31.2) |
| 3rd | 39(28.7) | 76(54.3) |
| Migrated before his pregnancy | p = 0.91 | p = 0.000 |
| Yes | 517(12.5) | 1076(25.4) |
| No | 138(12.7) | 404(35.5) |
| Geographic spread of migrationa | P = 0.002 | p = 0.000 |
| Between provinces | 277(14.0) | 509(25.1) |
| Between municipal jurisdictions within province | 136(10.0) | 317(22.9) |
| Within municipal jurisdiction (rural to urban) | 104(13.2) | 250(30.5) |
| Stayed at home town during pregnancya | P = 0.06 | p = 0.003 |
| Yes | 78(15.2) | 165(30.6) |
| No | 439(12.2) | 911(24.7) |
| Time since first migration(years)a | P = 0.26 | p = 0.09 |
| Eta correlation | 0.01 | 0.1 |
aIncludes only women who migrated before pregnancy (N = 4233)