Table 2.
Direct comparison of the diagnostic performance of five markers in detecting HCC
| AFP
|
AFP-L3
|
DCP
|
SCCA
|
CENPF
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUC (95% CI)a | SEN at 90% SPE (95% CI)b | AUC (95% CI)a | SEN at 90% SPE (95% CI)b | AUC (95% CI)a | SEN at 90% SPE (95% CI)b | AUC (95% CI)a | SEN at 90% SPE (95% CI)b | AUC (95% CI)a | SEN at 90% SPE (95% CI)b |
| (a) HCC vs LC, CHB, and HC | |||||||||
| 0.72 (0.70–0.82) | 43.7 (36.4–62.3) | 0.67 (0.64–0.75) | 42.6 (33.3–53.8) | 0.82 (0.64–0.80) | 65.2 (63.3–82.1) | 0.48 (0.40–0.59) | 7.5 (0–24.2) | 0.65 (0.62–0.77) | 20.4 (10.8–42.6) |
| (b) HCC vs LC and CHB | |||||||||
| 0.68 (0.67–0.79) | 38.8 (29.4–50.0) | 0.65 (0.62–0.73) | 39.1 (28.3–52.8) | 0.80 (0.62–0.80) | 64.1 (59.7–80.3) | 0.47 (0.35–0.60) | 8.8 (0–31.0) | 0.53 (0.44–0.68) | 14.0 (0–29.0) |
| (c) HCC vs LC | |||||||||
| 0.67 (0.68–0.80) | 40.1 (31.8–57.1) | 0.65 (0.62–0.74) | 40.5 (30.0–53.3) | 0.78 (0.64–0.81) | 57.2 (48.6–75.9) | 0.47 (0.35–0.60) | 8.8 (0–31.0) | 0.52 (0.33–0.73) | 11.8 (0–28.6) |
| (d) Early-stage HCC vs LC, CHB, and HC | |||||||||
| 0.64 (0.60–0.78) | 36.5 (24.2–57.6) | 0.56 (0.51–0.67) | 23.4 (7.7–39.2) | 0.74 (0.68–0.84) | 51.0 (40.0–75.0) | 0.48 (0.36–0.61) | 8.0 (0–24.1) | 0.45 (0.34–0.59) | 6.8 (0–18.2) |
| (e) Early-stage HCC vs LC and CHB | |||||||||
| 0.61 (0.59–0.75) | 30.2 (18.8–43.8) | 0.54 (0.50–0.66) | 22.1 (9.5–38.1) | 0.72 (0.65–0.83) | 45.5 (38.9–72.4) | 0.47 (0.37–0.61) | 7.0 (0–30.8) | 0.52 (0.33–0.73) | 11.8 (0–28.6) |
| (f) Early-stage HCC vs LC | |||||||||
| 0.62 (0.60–0.77) | 30.6 (21.6–53.1) | 0.55 (0.49–0.67) | 22.8 (8.3–40.0) | 0.73 (0.70–0.85) | 48.3 (41.9–76.5) | 0.48 (0.36–0.61) | 8.0 (0–24.1) | 0.45 (0.34–0.59) | 6.8 (0–18.2) |
Notes:
a
AUC was adjusted for potential overfitting by the .632+ bootstrap method.
b
.632+ bootstrap adjusted sensitivity at cutoffs yielding 90% specificity.
Abbreviations: AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; AFP-L3, lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP; AUC, area under the curve; CENPF, centromere protein F autoantibody; CHB, chronic hepatitis B virus infection; DCP, des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin; HC, healthy control; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; LC, liver cirrhosis; SCCA, squamous cell carcinoma antigen; SEN, sensitivity; SPE, specificity.