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. 2018 Jun;13(3):410–421.

Table 5.

Crude Odds Ratios for Demographic and Lower Extremity Functional Test Scores for All (Combined Sample) Female Division III Athletes (N = 210).

Characteristic (N) at risk All Injuries (%) Odds Ratio
(95% CI)
Thigh/Knee Injuries (%) Odds Ratio
(95% CI)
Ankle/Foot Injuries Odds Ratio
(95% CI)
Age (y)
 20 or above 70 (21) 1.0 (Referent) (10) 1.0 (Referent) (7) 1.0 (Referent)
 19 or below 140 (19) 0.8 (0.4, 1.7) (10) 1.0 (0.4, 2.6) (7) 1.0 (0.3, 3.0)
Years in University (y)
 3 or more 72 (24) 1.0 (Referent) (11) 1.0 (Referent) (7) 1.0 (Referent)
 2 or less 138 (17) 0.7 (0.3, 1.4) (10) 0.8 (0.3, 2.1) (6) 0.8 (0.3, 2.2)
Age Starting Sport (y)
 10 or younger 91 (28) 1.0 (Referent) (17) 1.0 (Referent) (9) 1.0 (Referent)
 11 or older 119 (13) 0.4 (0.2, 0.8)† (5) 0.3 (0.1, 0.7)‡ (6) 0.6 (0.2, 1.9)
Prior History of Injury
 Yes 147 (22) 1.6 (0.8, 3.7) (12) 1.9 (0.6, 6.0) (9) 3.0 (0.6, 13.5)
 No 63 (14) 1.0 (Referent) (6) 1.0 (Referent) (3) 1.0 (Referent)
Weightlifting
 3 hr/wk or less 132 (18) 0.8 (0.4, 1.6) (11) 1.2 (0.5, 3.1) (5) 0.5 (0.2, 1.4)
 >3 hr/wk 78 (21) 1.0 (Referent) (9) 1.0 (Referent) (10) 1.0 (Referent)
Cardiovascular exercise
 3 hr/wk or less 69 (13) 0.5 (0.2, 1.1) (6) 0.4 (0.1, 1.4) (4) 0.5 (0.1, 1.8)
 >3 hr/wk 141 (23) 1.0 (Referent) (12) 1.0 (Referent) (9) 1.0 (Referent)
Plyometric exercise
3 hr/wk or less 176 (19) 0.9 (0.4, 2.3) (9) 0.6 (0.2, 1.7) (7) 1.3 (0.3, 5.9)
>3 hr/wk 34 (20) 1.0 (Referent) (15) 1.0 (Referent) (6) 1.0 (Referent)
Scrimmaging
3 hr/wk or less 144 (17) 0.7 (0.3, 1.3) (10) 0.9 (0.3, 2.4) (7) 0.9 (0.3, 2.8)
>3 hr/wk 66 (24) 1.0 (Referent) (11) 1.0 (Referent) (8) 1.0 (Referent)
Lower Extremity Functional Test
Cut Score 1
117 sec or less 133 (19) 1.0 (Referent) (9) 1.0 (Referent) (8) 1.0 (Referent)
118 sec or more 77 (21) 1.1 (0.6, 2.3) (12) 1.4 (0.5, 3.3) (5) 0.6 (0.2, 2.0)
Cut Score 2
120 sec or less 156 (19) 1.0 (Referent) (8) 1.0 (Referent) (9) 1.0 (Referent)
121 sec or more 54 (22) 1.3 (0.6, 2.7) (15) 1.9 (0.7, 4.9) (2) 0.2 (0.0, 1.5)

†p-value = 0.01; ‡p-value = 0.009