Table 1. Comparison between the Proposed Method and Other Reported Sensors for Endotoxin Detection.
| technique | mechanism | limit of detection (EU/mL) | ref/kit |
|---|---|---|---|
| DPV | Boc-Val-Pro-Arg-p-nitroanilide hydrolyzation | 1 | (35) |
| pyrogen | rabbit pyrogen test | 0.5 | (36) |
| amperometry | competitive assay | 0.07 | (37) |
| EIS | endotoxin-neutralizing protein | 0.03 | (38) |
| magnetoelastic sensor | viscosity change of LAL | 0.0105 | (39) |
| ELISA | end point fluorescent microplate assay | 0.05 | EndoLISA |
| turbidimetry | kinetic turbidimetric LAL assay | 0.01 | Lonza BioScience |
| colorimetry | end point chromogenic LAL assay | 0.1 | Thermo Scientific |
| colorimetry | end point chromogenic LAL assay | 0.05 | Sigma |
| DPV | peptide-based recognition | 0.04 | this work |