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Modified compounds reduce cell viability following irradiation. KB cells were incubated for 1 h with either no photosensitizer or 50 nM BPD-MA, 0317, or 0323 and exposed for 5 s to the NIR laser light. After 1 h, the cells were incubated with Hoechst dye (nuclear stain) and propidium iodide (vitality stain) before evaluation by fluorescence microscopy. (a–d) Merged images of Hoechst (blue) and propidium iodide (magenta) are shown, where dead cells appear magenta.
