Table 2.

Summary of findings of studies for NT-proBNP and BNP not pooled for meta-analysis

Study	Design	Intervention	Analysed E/C	Result
NT-proBNP
Conventional training
Ahmad et al 19	RCT	Aerobic	477/451	↔ between groups
Antonicelli et al 44	RCT	Aerobic	170/173	↓ in E and significantly different to C
Van Berendoncks et al 34	Controlled	Aerobic and combined	46/34	↓ in E, but ↔ for ∆ between E and C
Edelmann et al 30	RCT	Combined	44/20	↔ in E or C
Eleuteri et al 54	RCT	Aerobic	11/10	↔ in E or C
Nilsson et al 55	RCT	Aerobic	37/33	↔ in E or C or between E and C
Non-conventional
Palau et al 42	RCT	IMT	14/12	↔ in E or C or between E and C
BNP
Conventional training
Billebeau et al 22	Controlled	Aerobic	107/24	↓ in E, ↔ in C
Brubaker et al 65	RCT	Aerobic	23/21	↔ between E and C
Kitzman et al 40	RCT	Aerobic	26/27	↔ between E and C
Kitzman et al 39	RCT	Aerobic	26/25	↔ in E or C
Yamamoto et al 36	Controlled	Aerobic	10/8	↓ in E, ↔ in C
Non-conventional
Karavidas et al 41	RCT	FES	15/15	↔ for ∆ between E and C
Yeh et al 70	RCT	Tai Chi	50/50	↔ for ∆ between E and C

↓ statistically significant, ↔ no statistically significant change.

BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; C, control; E, exercise; FES, functional electrical stimulation; IMT, inspiratory muscle training; NT-proBNP, amino (N) portion of BNP; RCT, randomised controlled trial.