Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population (n = 143)
| General characteristics | |
|---|---|
| Age | 50.1 ± 8.1 |
| Women (%) | 49.7 |
| University Degree (%) | 46.1 |
| Alcohol intake (g/d)a | 11.0 ± 13.3 |
| Anthropometry | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.4 ± 3.7 |
| Waist circumference (women) (cm) | 99.5 ± 10.1 |
| Waist circumference (men) (cm) | 109.1 ± 10.6 |
| Height (cm) | 172.9 ± 9.8 |
| Liver fat | |
| Liver fat content (%) | 7.7 ± 6.0 |
| NAFLD (%)b | 52.5 |
| Liver function | |
| AST (U/l) | 22.9 ± 5.3 |
| ALT (U/l) | 26.7 ± 11.1 |
| AST to ALT ratio | 1.0 ± 0.3 |
| GGT (U/l) | 26.8 ± 15.8 |
| ALP (U/l) | 70.7 ± 16.9 |
| LDH (U/l) | 196.6 ± 28.7 |
| Albumin (g/l) | 43.7 ± 2.2 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.7 ± 0.3 |
| Kidney function | |
| Uric acid (mg/dl) | 30.1 ± 6.8 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.8 ± 0.1 |
| Lipid metabolism | |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 54.0 ± 14.2 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 125.9 ± 27.1 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 132.8 ± 80.7 |
| Glucose metabolism | |
| Glucose (nmol/l) | 5.2 ± 0.4 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.5 ± 0.3 |
| Insulin (pg/ml) | 6.8 ± 4.3 |
| HOMA-IR (μU/mmol/l) | 1.6 ± 1.1 |
| Iron metabolism | |
| Ferritin (μg/l) | 148.8 ± 142.0 |
| Iron (μmol/l) | 17.9 ± 6.6 |
| Total Iron Binding Capacity (μmol/l) | 61.6 ± 7.7 |
| Transferrin (g/l) | 2.9 ± 0.4 |
| Adipokines and cytokines | |
| CRP (pg/ml) | 3.1 ± 3.3 |
| Adiponectin (pg/ml) | 17.5 ± 11.2 |
| Leptin (pg/ml) | 8.9 ± 9.4 |
| Resistin (pg/ml) | 4.3 ± 1.8 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 1.6 ± 2.0 |
| IL-8 (pg/ml) | 11.1 ± 12.3 |
| Interferon-γ (pg/ml) | 14.8 ± 13.9 |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 4.5 ± 2.6 |
Continuous values shown as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation;
aas assessed by 7-day dietary record
bNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (liver fat content > 5.56%)