. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2018 Feb 19;24(7):1322–1340. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.02.009

Table 6.

Clinical studies examining the microbiota as a biomarker for HCT outcomes^*

Microbiota Feature	Association	Sample size	References
Sustained decontamination of gut anaerobes	Lower risk of GVHD	194	Beelen, 1992²⁷
Decontamination of gut anaerobes	Lower risk of GVHD	134	Beelen, 1999²²
Intestinal monodomination by Enterococcus and Proteobacteria	Higher risk of bacteremia and intestinal GVHD	94	Taur, 2012⁴⁵
Intestinal monodomination, especially by Enterococcus	Higher risk of bacteremia and intestinal GVHD	31	Holler, 2014³
Decreased duodenal Paneth cell counts at GVHD	Higher GI GVHD severity, lower GVHD treatment response, and higher NRM^**	142	Levine, 2013⁴⁶
Low intestinal microbiota diversity	Lower OS, higher TRM	80	Taur, 2014¹
Lower urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate	Higher intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, higher risk of GVHD	31	Holler, 2014³
Lower urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate	Higher intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, higher TRM, lower OS	131	Weber, 2015⁴⁷
Higher fecal Blautia abundance	Lower GVHD-related mortality, higher OS	115	Jenq, 2015⁴⁸
Higher abundance or presence of a cluster of bacteria including Eubacterium limosum in fecal microbiota	Lower risk of relapse or progression of disease, higher OS	541	Peled, 2017²
Higher gradient of positively to negatively correlated organisms at neutrophil recovery	Higher risk of severe acute GVHD	66	Golob, 2017⁴⁹
Picobirnivirus presence	Severe GI GVHD	44	Legoff, 2017⁵⁰

All studies are observational except Beelen, 1999

^**

NRM=non-relapse mortality