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. 2018 Jul 9;9:846. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00846

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Copyright © 2018 Karlsson, Gilgien, Gløersen, Rud and Losnegard.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Test protocol for the treadmill submaximal workloads and performance tests. The skiers completed one subset consisting of three workloads (of 5 min each) in the V1 technique at 8° inclination and a speed of 1.5, 1.75, and 2.0 m⋅s^-1, and one subset consisting of three (5 min) workloads in the V2 technique at 1° inclination and speeds of 4.5, 5.5, and 6.5 m⋅s^-1. The order in which the inclined and level subsets were performed was counter-balanced between athletes. Thereafter the skiers completed two 3 min maximal performance tests at inclinations of 8° and 1° respectively. The speed was fixed the first 30 s, and thereafter the subjects controlled the speed (uphill; 0.25 m⋅s^-1, flat; 0.5 m⋅s^-1 increase or decrease) by adjusting their position on the treadmill. The performance tests were performed in the same order as the submaximal workloads.