Table 4.

Comparison of sTRAIL and TRAIL mRNA among three groups ($\overline{x}$±s).

Group	N	sTRAIL (pg/ml)	TRAIL mRNA
CNT	42	180.65 ± 66.54	2.57 ± 1.83
DM	42	157.10 ± 68.37	0.96 ± 0.32
DN	42	118.63 ± 55.99a,b	0.90 ± 0.35a
F		10.022	27.453
P		< 0.001	< 0.001

Adjustment of age and sex.

CNT: healthy controls; DM: diabetes mellitus; DN: diabetic nephropathy; sTRAIL: soluble tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; TRAIL: tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.

^aP < 0.01 versus CNT group.

^bP < 0.01 versus DM group.