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. 2018 Apr 30;27(5):831–839. doi: 10.1177/0963689717742662

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© The Author(s) 2018

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Fig. 4. — An enriched environment ameliorates oxidative stress and nitrated α-syn in PD. (A) Images of the iNOS immunohistochemistry staining in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb. (B) The density of iNOS was significantly higher in PD control group (2.5 ± 0.53%, P < 0.001) than in WT group (0.2 ± 0.06%). However, the density of nitrated α-syn was significantly lower in PD EE group than in both PD control group and WT group based on a one-way ANOVA (1.1 ± 0.21%, P < 0.001, P < 0.05, respectively). Scale bars = 200 μm. Abbreviations: α-syn = human A53T α-synuclein; PD = Parkinson's disease; iNOS = induced nitric oxide; WT = wild type; EE = enriched environment; ANOVA = analysis of variance. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 are based on a one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc test.