Figure 1.

Overview of study and flow of participants in the cohort.

*The participants were screened for HLA DQ8 and HLA DQ2 with the Celiac Gene Screen test, and the alleles associated with celiac disease were identified by the Celiac Gene Alleles test (BioDiagene, Palermo, Italy, distributed by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Allerød, Denmark).

^†Among the HLA DQ2 and HLA DQ8 positive individuals, 93 participants were both DQ2 and DQ8 positive.

^‡Eleven participants positive for HLA DQ2 and/or HLA DQ8 were not allele classified.

HLA: human leukocyte antigen.