Table 3.
Multivariable Cox regression analysis of overall survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients.
| Variables | Hazard ratio (95 CI%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| Age | <0.001 | |
| ≤60 years | Reference | |
| >60 years | 1.23 (1.21, 1.25) | |
| Gender | <0.001 | |
| Male | Reference | |
| Female | 0.95 (0.94, 0.97) | |
| Race | <0.001 | |
| White | Reference | |
| Black | 1.09 (1.06, 1.11) | |
| AI/AN | 0.93 (0.90, 0.95) | |
| AP | 1.08 (0.97, 1.20) | |
| Tumour size | <0.001 | |
| ≤2 cm | Reference | |
| 2 < size ≤4 cm | 1.18 (1.14, 1.21) | |
| >4 cm | 1.36 (1.32, 1.41) | |
| Prior history of cancer | <0.001 | |
| None | Reference | |
| Yes | 0.92 (0.89, 0.94) | |
| SEER stage | <0.001 | |
| Localised | Reference | |
| Regional | 1.28 (1.24,1.32) | |
| Distant | 2.07 (2.00, 2.14) | |
| Histologic type | <0.001 | |
| Adenocarcinoma | Reference | |
| Infiltrating duct carcinoma | 0.94 (0.92, 0.97) | |
| Grade | <0.001 | |
| G1 | Reference | |
| G2 | 1.30 (1.24, 1.35) | |
| G3 | 1.64 (1.57, 1.71) | |
| G4 | 1.67 (1.50, 1.85) | |
| Surgery | <0.001 | |
| No | Reference | |
| Yes | 0.44 (0.43, 0.45) | |
| Radiation | <0.001 | |
| None | Reference | |
| Radiation | 0.88 (0.86, 0.90) | |
| Chemotherapy | <0.001 | |
| No | Reference | |
| Chemotherapy | 0.47 (0.46, 0.47) |
AI/AN: American Indian/Alaska Native; AP: Asian or Pacific Islander; G1: well differentiated; G2: moderately differentiated; G3: poorly differentiated; G4: undifferentiated; SEER: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.