Table 1.
Study characteristics according to quintiles of baseline neighborhood SES (1995–1996) among participants in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study
| Study characteristics | Baseline neighborhood SES, 1990–2000 | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (low SES) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 (high SES) | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 61.9 (5.3) | 62.0 (5.4) | 61.9 (5.4) | 61.5 (5.4) | 61.2 (5.4) | <.0001* |
| Female, % | 52.8 | 48.6 | 46.9 | 44.1 | 39.8 | <.0001† |
| White, non-Hispanic, % | 84.5 | 94.2 | 95.5 | 95.6 | 96.1 | <.0001† |
| College and postcollege, % | 39.9 | 33.4 | 39.0 | 46.4 | 60.2 | <.0001† |
| Married, % | 57.7 | 64.3 | 66.1 | 69.9 | 75.9 | <.0001† |
| Current smoker, % | 13.2 | 11.7 | 10.9 | 9.5 | 7.4 | <.0001† |
| Physical activity ≥5 times/week, % | 18.8 | 19.6 | 19.5 | 20.2 | 20.8 | <.0001† |
| TV viewing ≤2 hour/day, % | 32.2 | 33.0 | 35.5 | 38.6 | 45.2 | <.0001† |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 27.4 (5.5) | 27.0 (5.2) | 26.8 (5.0) | 26.6 (4.9) | 26.2 (4.5) | <.0001* |
| alcohol consumption, g/day, median (IQR) | 1.1 (0, 7.1) | 1.4 (0, 9.9) | 1.9 (0.2, 11.5) | 2.5 (0.5, 12.8) | 3.7 (0.7, 15.1) | <.0001‡ |
| HEI-2005 total score, mean (SD) | 66.2 (11.7) | 66.8 (11.5) | 67.0 (11.4) | 67.3 (11.2) | 68.2 (10.7) | <.0001* |
| Self-reported health, excellent, % | 15.8 | 18.0 | 20.1 | 22.6 | 26.7 | <.0001† |
| Sleep duration, % | <.0001† | |||||
| <5 hours | 3.9 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 1.8 | |
| 5–6 hours | 35.0 | 31.9 | 31.6 | 30.9 | 29.0 | |
| 7–8 hours | 57.6 | 61.7 | 62.5 | 63.6 | 66.1 | |
| ≥9 hours | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | |
| Napping, % | <.0001† | |||||
| None | 47.5 | 49.9 | 52.3 | 55.4 | 59.7 | |
| <1 hour | 41.3 | 40.9 | 39.9 | 37.7 | 34.9 | |
| ≥1 hours | 11.3 | 9.2 | 7.8 | 6.9 | 5.4 | |
IQR, interquartile range.
*p-value was derived from one way ANOVA.
† p-value was derived from Chi-square test.
‡ p-value was derived from Kruskal–Wallis test.