TABLE 1. Characteristics of youths aged 12–19 years — National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES), United States, 2001–2016.
| Characteristic | % (95% CI) |
P-value for trend* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NHANES 2001–2004 (N = 4,169) | NHANES 2005–2008 (N = 3,076) | NHANES 2009–2012 (N = 2,319) | NHANES 2013–2016 (N = 2,440) | ||
|
Age group (yrs)
| |||||
| 12–17 |
78.0 (75.1–80.6) |
77.6 (75.1–80.0) |
78.1 (75.3–80.6) |
78.9 (76.9–80.8) |
0.539 |
| 18–19 |
22.0 (19.4–24.9) |
22.4 (22.0–24.9) |
21.9 (19.4–24.7) |
21.1 (19.2–23.1) |
|
|
Sex
| |||||
| Male |
50.8 (48.9–52.7) |
51.5 (49.2–53.9) |
50.8 (48.2–53.4) |
50.4 (48.0–52.8) |
0.703 |
| Female |
49.2 (47.3–51.1) |
48.5 (46.1–50.8) |
49.2 (46.6–51.8) |
49.6 (47.2–52.0) |
|
|
Race/Ethnicity | |||||
| White, non-Hispanic |
63.2 (57.6–68.5) |
61.7 (56.6–66.6) |
56.5 (50.4–62.3) |
54.0 (46.7–61.2) |
0.024 |
| Black, non-Hispanic |
14.0 (11.2–17.4) |
15.2 (11.9–19.2) |
15.0 (11.5–19.4) |
14.1 (10.5–18.6) |
0.987 |
| Mexican American |
10.8 (8.3–14.1) |
12.0 (9.6–14.8) |
13.8 (10.5–17.9) |
14.7 (10.9–19.4) |
0.100 |
| Other |
12.0 (9.1–15.7) |
11.1 (8.5–14.4) |
14.7 (12.2–17.6) |
17.2 (14.9–19.8) |
0.004 |
|
Weight status†
| |||||
| Healthy |
66.0 (63.0–68.9) |
64.1 (61.8–66.6) |
64.0 (61.4–66.5) |
59.8 (56.7–62.7) |
0.005 |
| Overweight |
16.2 (14.4–18.2) |
16.6 (15.1–18.2) |
15.1 (13.6–16.7) |
18.4 (16.7–20.3) |
0.218 |
| Obesity (all) |
17.8 (15.8–19.9) |
19.2 (16.8–21.9) |
20.9 (18.9–23.2) |
21.8 (19.0–24.9) |
0.016 |
| Severe obesity | 5.7 (4.6–7.1) | 6.6 (5.2–8.3) | 7.5 (5.8–9.7) | 8.8 (7.3–10.6) | 0.003 |
Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval.
* P-values for trends in participant characteristics across survey years were obtained using Satterthwaite chi-squared tests and t-tests. All tests were 2-tailed.
† BMI is compared with age- and sex-specific reference values from the 2000 CDC growth charts (https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/cdc_charts.htm). Healthy = BMI-for-age ≥5th to <85th, overweight = BMI-for-age ≥85th to <95th percentile, obesity = BMI-for-age ≥95% percentile. Severe obesity = BMI-for-age ≥120% of the 95th percentile. Persons classified as underweight (BMI-for-age <5th percentile) are excluded.