Table 1.

Anti-leishmanial activities of some plant products/compounds.

Plant products/ compounds	Standard Drug	Plant	Species	References
Oxylipin (Polyacetylene) Flavonoids	Oxylipin (3S)-16, 17-didehydrofalcarinol	Tridax procumbens	L.mexicana	[304]
Flavonoids	Luteolin	Vitex negundo	L.donovani	[305]
	Quercetin	Fagopyrum esculentum	L.donovani	[306]
	Quercetin and its derivatives	Kalanchoe pinnata	L.amazonensis	[307]
	Quercetin	Kalanchoe pinnata	L. chagasi	[308]
	Ethanolic extract	Piper betle L.	L.donovani	[309]
	Methanolic extract	Piper betle L.	L.donovani	[310]
	2′′-acetylpetiolaroside	Delphinium staphisagria	L. infantum and L.braziliensis	[311]
	Guaianolide	Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz Bip	L. amazonensis	[312]
	Quercetin3-O-methyl ether	Strychnos pseudoquina	L. amazonensis	[313]
	Plant extract	Bidens pilosa L. and Punica granatum L	L. amazonensis	[314]
Alkaloids	N-Methyltetrahydroberberinium iodide	Enantia chlorantha	L.donovani	[315]
	Ancistroealaine A	Ancistrocladus ealaensis	L.donovani	[316]
	Quinoline alkaloid	Galipea longiflora	L.amazonensis	[317]
	2-n-Propylquinoline		L.amazonensis	[318]
	Julocrotine, a glutarimide alkaloid	Croton pullei var. Glabrio	L. amazonensis	[319]
	Methanol extract	Nuphar lutea	L.major	[320]
	Quinolinic alkaloid	Galipea longiflora	L.amazonensis	[321]
	Ethanolic extract	Senna Spectabilis	L.major	[322]
	Bisbenzylisoquinoline	Cissampelos sympodialis Eichl.	L. chagasi	[323]
	Furoquinoline alkaloids	Helietta apiculata	L.amazonensis	[324]
	Securinega alkaloids	Margaritaria nobilis	L.amazonensis	[325]
	Dicentrinone	Duguetia furfuracea		[326]
Terepenoids	Triterepenoid extract	Trichosanthes dioica	L.donovani	[327]
	Sesquiterepene lactone-rich dicholomethane fraction	Tanacetum parthenium	L.amazonensis	[328]
	Oleanolic- and ursolic-containing titerpenic fraction	Baccharis uncinella	L.amazonensis and L.braziliensis	[329]
	Taxodione	Salvia deserta	L.donovani	[330]
	Artemisinin	Artemisia annua	L.major	[331]
	Abietane diterpenoids	Taxodium distichum	L.donovani and L.amazonensis	[332]
	trans-dehydrocrotonin	Croton cajucara Benth.	L.amazonensis	[333]
Chalcones	Licochalcone A	Chinese liquorice	L.major	[334]
			L. donovani	[335]
	20 naturally occurring chalcones	Piper aduncum	L. donovani	[336]
	Adunchalcone	Piper aduncum L.	L.amazonensis, L.braziliensis and L.chagasi	[337]
	Dihydrochalcones	Piper elongatum	L.braziliensis	[338]
Quinones	Plumbagin	Pera benensis	L.amazonensis	[339, 340]
	3,3_-Biplumbagin
	1-Acetylbenzoisochromanquinone	Cephaelis camponutans	L.donovani	[341]
	N-Methylliriodendronine	Stephania dinklagei	L.donovani	[342]
	2-methyl-5 -(3′-methyl-but-2′-enyloxy)-[1,4]naphthoquinone (1)	Plumbago zeylanica	L.donovani	[343]
	Methanolic extract	Nigella sativa L	L.tropica and L.infantum	[344]
Saponin	Hederagenin	Ivy Hedera helix	L.tropica and L.infantum	[345]
	α-Hederin
	β-Hederin Hederacolchiside A1	Hedera colchica	L.mexicana	[346]
	Maesasaponin V.3 and VI.2	Maesa balansae Maesa lanceolata	L.infantum	[347]
	Maesabalides III Maesabalides IV	Maesa balansae	L.infantum	[348]
Lignan	Diphyllin	Haplophyllum bucharicum	L.infantum	[349]
	Neolignan 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran	Propolis	L.amazonensis	[350]
4-Aminoquinoline	AMQ-j		L.amazonensis	[351]
				[352]
N-cinnamoylated amioquinoline			L.infantum
				[353]
7-cholro 4- quinolinylhydraz one			L.amazonensis
8-hydroxyquinoline				[354]
1,2,3-triazole salts (Bioisosteres)			L.amazonensi s,L.braziliensi s,L.infantum	[355]
			L.amazonensis
N-benzyl- 1-Hbenzimidazole			L.mexicana, L.donovani, L.braziliensis	[356]