Table 4.

Factors significantly associated with expressing high individual-level abortion stigma (summed score >40)

Variable	Bivariate			Multivariate
	Lowa (%)	Highb (%)	χ2 test p-value	PR (95% CI)
Summed stigma index	57.1	42.9
Client age (years)
≤24	45.4	54.7	<0.001	1.00
25–34	63.5	36.5		0.60 (0.44–0.80)**
≥35	76.5	23.5		0.39 (0.21–0.70)**
Education
None/primary	72.1	27.9	0.066	1.00
Secondary	53.3	46.7		1.38 (0.88–2.16)
Higher	54.4	45.6		1.64 (1.04–2.58)*
Unknown	63.6	36.4		1.44 (0.68–3.05)
Marital status
Married/cohabiting	61.5	38.5	0.272	1.00
Not married, but has a steady partner	54.0	46.0		0.78 (0.59–1.02)
Others	52.6	47.4		0.78 (0.59–1.04)
Lifetime pregnancies
1	48.3	51.7	0.023	1.00
2	55.1	44.9		0.89 (0.69–1.15)
≥3	64.5	35.5		0.90 (0.63–1.28)
Type of procedure
Surgical with/without MA	55.3	44.8	0.049	1.00
MA only	71.2	28.9		0.54 (0.35–0.85)**
Do not know	33.3	66.7		1.42 (0.81–2.49)
Type of provider
Physician	58.7	41.3	0.382	1.00
Midlevel	54.1	45.9		1.31 (1.05–1.63)*
Client experienced cordial client–facility staff interactions
Yes	55.7	44.3	0.296	1.00
No	62.3	37.7		0.90 (0.66–1.22)

Notes:

^*p<0.001;

^**p0.05.

^aSummed stigma score ≤40.

^bSummed stigma score >40.

Abbreviations: MA, medical abortion; PR, prevalence ratio.