Table 1. Summary of Localization of Key Wnt Pathway Components at the Centrozome and/or Mitotic Spindle.
| Protein | Localization | Method1 | Validation2 | Species/Cell Type | Note | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DVL2 | spindle poles, midbody | FP tagged protein | no | Hela | also weak kinetochore staining | Kikuchi et al. (2010) |
| DVL2 | centrosome/basal body | ICC | no | Xenopus embryo, multiciliated cells | C-term sufficient | (Park et al., 2008) |
| DVL2/3 | centrosome/basal body | ICC | yes CRISPR DVL1/2/3 TKO | Hek293T | (Cervenka et al., 2016) | |
| β-catenin | spindle and spindle poles, midbody | ICC | no | L cells | (Kaplan et al., 2004) | |
| β -catenin (phospho) | centrosome/basal body | ICC | no | MEFs | phospho Ser33/37/Thr41 | (Hadjihannas, Bruckner, and Behrens, 2010) |
| β-catenin (phospho) | centrosome/basal body, midbody | ICC | no | rat and human fibroblasts | phospho Ser33/37/Thr41, total β-catenin not seen at centrosome | (Huang and Schier, 2009) |
| β-catenin | centrosome/basal body | ICC, EM | No, but multiple antibodies used | RPE-1, U2OS | localized to centriolar linker, armadillo repeat required | (Bahmanyar et al., 2008) |
| β-catenin (Sys1) | spindle poles | FP tagged protein | no | C.elegans | localization to PCM | (Vora and Phillips, 2015) |
| APC | centrosome/basal body | ICC | no | HaCa4 cells | only during mitoses | (Olmeda et al., 2003) |
| axin 1 | centrosome/basal body | ICC | Yes, siRNA | HeLa, NIH3T3 and L cells | DIX domain dependent | (Butler and Wallingford, 2017) |
| axin 1 | spindle and spindle poles | ICC | no | HaCaT cells | (Kim et al., 2009) | |
| axin2/conductin | centrosome/basal body | ICC | no | MEFs, SW480, U2OS | localized to centriolar linker | (Hadjihannas, Bruckner, and Behrens, 2010) |
| GSK3 | spindle poles and mitotic spindle | ICC | no | Hela | phospho Ser21/9 | (Wakefield, Stephens, and M., 2003) (Itoh et al., 2009) |
| Diversin | centrosome/basal body | FP tagged protein | no | Xenopus animal cap cells | ||
| Xenopus Axin-related protein | centrosome/basal body | ICC (overexp.) | no | Xenopus | DIX domain dependent | (Alexandrova and Sokol, 2010) |
| CK1δ | centrosome/basal body | ICC | no | TC-32 cells | C-term sufficient | (Greer and Rubin, 2011) |
| CK1δ | centrosome/basal body | ICC | no | SAOS-2, COS7 | (Sillibourne et al., 2002) | |
| CK1δ | centrosome/basal body | FP tagged protein | no | Jurkat cells | C-term required | (Zyss, Ebrahimi, and Gergely, 2011) |
1
ICC (immunocytochemical staining of endogenous protein), FP tagged protein (protein of interest visualized by addition of fluorescent protein), EM – detection by immunogold electron microscopy
2
Only validation based on the removal of the target protein via siRNA or Crispr/Cas9 was considered