Extended Data Figure 6. Aldehyde-induced stress elicits a p53 response.

a, Representative flow cytometry plots for the quantification of p53⁺ LKS cells from 8-to-12-week-old Aldh2^−/−Fancd2^−/− and control mice. Cells were collected from wild-type and Trp53^−/− mice 2 h after 10 Gy irradiation as positive and negative controls, respectively, for the assay. b, Quantification of the frequency of p53⁺ cells in different bone-marrow populations. c, Quantification of the frequency of cleaved-caspase-3⁺ cells in different bone marrow populations by flow cytometry. In b and c, irradiated wild-type and Trp53^−/− mice were used as controls. Owing to the low numbers of LKS CD48⁻ CD150⁺ cells in Aldh2^−/−Fancd2^−/− mice, the number of p53⁺ or cleaved-caspase-3⁺ HSCs could not be determined (data shown as mean and s.e.m.; n = number of mice). d, e, Survival of B cells and myeloid progenitors (CFU-GM) following exposure to acetaldehyde in vitro. Cells were obtained from Fancd2^−/−Trp53^−/− and control mice. Each point represents the mean of three independent experiments, each carried out in quadruplicate; data shown as mean and s.e.m. f, Frequency of CFU-S₁₂ in the bone marrow of Aldh2^−/−Fancd2^−/−Trp53^−/− and control mice. Each point represents the number of CFU-S₁₂ in the spleen of a single recipient (P calculated by two-sided Mann–Whitney test; data shown as mean and s.e.m.; n = 10–15 mice).