Fig. 4.

Contribution of HIV-1 proviral DNA in CD32+/CD4+ T cells from in vitro infections. a Infection of CD4+ T cells treated with IL-2 and infected with NL4-3GFP, NL4-3*GFP, and NL4-3*GFP carrying Vpx. The percentage of infection was evaluated using flow cytometry; representative dots are shown on the right. The data from a representative donor are shown. b Percentage of CD32 cell surface expression measured by flow cytometry and infected with different multiplicities of infection of HIV-1 NL4-3 carrying HIV-2 Vpx or uninfected (UN) (n = 5). Lines represent mean values. c Upregulation of CD32 expression after infection (INF) is reduced concomitant to blockade of HIV-1 infection with efavirenz (INF + EFV) The data represent the mean ± SD of five different donors. For (b) and (c) Student’s t-test, **p < 0.005. d Integrated HIV-1 DNA copy number in sorted CD32+ and CD32− cells of five different donors infected with NL4-3*(Vpx). Measurement of integrated proviral DNA was performed by pre-amplifying an LTR DNA fragment with equal amount of genomic DNA input (100 ng) from the sorted CD32+ or CD32− population. Absolute quantification was obtained in a second amplification of HIV-LTR by qPCR. The data from each donor are shown. e Activation level of CD4+ T cells from five uninfected donors as measured as the expression of HLA-DR and CD69 cell surface markers by flow cytometry